火箭发动机胶接质量检测的兰姆波能量分布研究

用兰姆波可对固体火箭发动机进行胶接质量的检测,但需要对其模式进行选择。通过研究兰姆波在固体发动机钢壳体内纵波与横波成分的能量分布情况,从理论上分析和预测了不同模式对检测特定界面缺陷的能力和灵敏度,并通过S0和S1两种检测模式的试验研究,验证了理论分析的正确性。结果表明,可根据兰姆波的能量分布变化特性和实际检测要求,选择最合适的模式进行检测,从而达到提高界面缺陷检测灵敏度的目的。     

基于蚁群优化的能量均衡自适应路由算法

基于蚁群优化的WSNs路由算法具有蚁群优化自组织性、正反馈性和并行性的特点,在构造无线传感器网络中的最优路由时有很好的性能。但是蚁群优化构造最优解时带来的网络开销十分可观,不适合在路由维护阶段反复使用蚁群优化重构路由。考虑到蚁群优化的上述特点,同时针对无线传感器网络能量受限的特点,提出了一种基于蚁群优化的能量均衡白适应路由算法。该算法使用了新的信息素更新算子,算子中包含了网络能量水平因子,能够均衡网络能量消耗。在路由维护阶段,该算法使用了新的基于侦测蚂蚁的自适应路由维护机制,很好地降低了网络开销。     

组合压气机中尾迹与势流同频/异频干涉的叠加特性

为揭示多级压气机中上下游叶轮对中间叶片叠加气动影响特性,阐述不同叠加干涉情况下下游叶轮进气角度变化,采用数值方法模拟了一级轴流和一级离心组成的组合压气机非定常流场.详细讨论了上游动叶尾迹和下游动叶势流对中间导流叶栅段气流非定常流动的异频和同频叠加干涉特性,依据计算结果,直观地展示了静叶通道中两种干涉间相互激励和抑制作用的位置和时间,与数学公式的推导结果相互印证.研究结果表明:当上下游动叶对中间静叶段异频干涉时,干涉的激励、抑制区域的轴向位置随时间发生变化;当上下游动叶对中间静叶干涉频率相同时,干涉的相互激励、抑制区域的轴向位置不随时间发生变化,但干涉的激励、抑制区域的轴向位置受时序位置影响.另外,上游动叶尾迹与下游离心叶轮势流的不同叠加情况,决定着下游离心叶轮进口相对气流角的大小及波动幅值.     

新一代运载贮箱搅拌摩擦焊应用研究

在分析搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)原理和工艺特点的基础上,设计了适于厚6 mm 2219铝合金焊接用搅拌头,进行了平板工艺试验,以及焊缝的外观质量、金相组织和力学性能评定。采用线能量因子确定了最佳工艺容限。新一代运载2219铝合金贮箱1∶1验证件的焊接和压力试验证明,FSW的焊接质量、构件整体尺寸精度和生产效率都远高于传统的交流钨极惰性气体保护焊(TIG),完全满足新一代运载贮箱的制造要求。     

Locating Current Sheets in the Solar Corona

Current sheets are essential for energy dissipation in the solar corona, in particular by enabling magnetic reconnection. Unfortunately, sufficiently thin current sheets cannot be resolved observationally and the theory of their formation is an unresolved issue as well. We consider two predictors of coronal current concentrations, both based on geometrical or even topological properties of a force-free coronal magnetic field. First, there are separatrices related to magnetic nulls. Through separatrices the magnetic connectivity changes discontinuously. Coronal magnetic nulls are, however, very rare. Second, inspired by the concept of generalized magnetic reconnection without nulls, quasi-separatrix layers (QSL) were suggested. Through QSL the magnetic connectivity changes continuously, though strongly. The strength of the connectivity change can be quantified by measuring the squashing of the flux tubes which connect the magnetically conjugated photospheres. We verify the QSL and separatrix concepts by comparing the sites of magnetic nulls and enhanced squashing with the location of current concentrations in the corona. Due to the known difficulties of their direct observation, we simulated coronal current sheets by numerically calculating the response of the corona to energy input from the photosphere, heating a simultaneously observed Extreme Ultraviolet Bright Point. We did not find coronal current sheets at separatrices but at several QSL locations. The reason is that, although the geometrical properties of force-free extrapolated magnetic fields can indeed hint at possible current concentrations, a necessary condition for current sheet formation is the local energy input into the corona.     

电化学浸渍液乙醇溶液中镍的测定

提出用空气-乙炔原子吸收光谱法进行电化学浸渍液乙醇溶液中镍含量的测定。介绍镍的最佳测定条件并具有良好线性范围的质量浓度，对样品消化处理条件，灵敏度和干扰因素进行了综合考虑。该方法具有良好的灵敏度和重现性，同时具有方法步骤简单，操作容易，干扰少等特点，完全达到了实验室的仪器分析质量与质量控制要求。     

飞行器结构力学中的一个问题

最小余能原理的丰富内涵在飞行器结构力学中得到一定反映。研究了飞行器结构力学中余虚功原理的两种不同的表示形式，最小余能原理和拟余能原理，推导了最小余能原理驻值条件。最后，给出典型实例。     

总能量控制原理在地形跟随飞行控制中的应用

应用总能量控制原理设计了控制飞行高度的地形跟随飞行控制系统,并通过引入飞行高度和飞行速度的偏差控制,基本消除了总能量控制系统存在的稳态误差;引入俯仰角和俯仰角速率反馈回路以增加阻尼,消除俯仰角振荡,最后对该系统进行了解耦性能和地形跟随仿真。结果表明,用总能量原理设计的地形跟随飞行控制系统体现了飞机升降舵和油门杆一体化设计的思想,可实现飞行速度/航迹角的解耦控制,对给定地形可达到良好的跟随效果。     

GAP／AN推进剂的应用与研制进展

概述了ＧＡＰ／ＡＮ推进剂的特性，研制状况及发展潜力，针对目前该推进剂的各项性能水平（能量性能，燃烧性能，力学性能）提出了该推进剂存在的问题及改善方法。     

Effect of Processing and Composition on the Structure and Properties of P/M EP741NP Type Alloys

A study was carried out on the effects of processing and composition on the structure and properties of P/M EP741NP type alloys. The objectives of this study were to understand the role of Hf in a P/M superalloy containing high niobium used in aircraft engines and to determine the effects of extrusion and forging the powders as contrasted to HIPing (hot isostatic pressing) only. Two alloys of the P/M EP741NP composition were atomized: one alloy contained 0.26%Hf and the other was Hf free. After the as-atomized powders from both alloys were characterized, the powders were extruded into billets, forged and heat treated. After each process, the microstructures were characterized by SEM and the phases were extracted and identified by X-ray diffraction. The presence of Hf in the residues was probed by EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy). The alloys were given the published Russian heat treatment as well as a more conventional heat treatment more typical of western powder alloys. Tensile, creep and stress rupture mechanical property tests were run. Results of the structural behavior of the alloys after each processing step will be presented and discussed. The role of the Hf on the mechanical proper- ties will be discussed.